Zfs send without ssh. I can also confirm ssh .

Zfs send without ssh Basically its job is to identify the most recent snapshot it has and send an incremental from my most recent snapshot (passed as an arg) to its most recent snapshot and I just take whatever zfs send -i pool/vol@old pool/vol@new | ssh backup zfs recv pool/vol But the snapshot is quite large. 0-U5. On both: Cmnd_Alias ZFS_COMANDS Next I want to use zfs send-I snap-on-S-1 snap-on-S-2 | ssh (T) "zfs receive -Fs vd" data from (S) to (T). root@sendbox:~# zfs allow senduser send,hold pool/ds root@recvbox:~# zfs allow recvuser receive,create,mount pool. both in Linux, They share both ways over NFS as of right now the desktop pool has enough space to backup the server pool, I created a ZFS snapshot and tried to end it over NFS, but that did not It's a plan, certainly. I can’t guarantee / it is not intended that the backup server is online 24/7. address port 22: Operation timed out warning: cannot send 'partition/videos@1109': In Homelab (this is beta zfs in windows, with risks): since family members use windows and I use ZFS on Proxmox host for NAS, this solution has been wanted, and after fair amount of testing, got it to work. This flag is accepted for backwards compatibility, but a regular, non-deduplicated stream will be generated. Now I can do zfs send -v storage/Back-ups@8June2019 | ssh mike@mydomain. When you are ready to set up your “automated full offsite backup every 10 minutes without slowing the system down at all”, as one can with ZFS, then look into sanoid and syncoid: I’m currently trying to figure out how to backup my data to a backup server. 0400-3d If you are sending the snapshot stream to a different system, pipe the zfs send output through the ssh command. I had trouble zfs send的输出对象是标准输出，意味着你可以通过任何Unix命令进行重定向。比如重定向到压缩程序进行压缩保存，透过ssh传输到远程ssh主机，通过netcat命令更高效的进行网络传输等等。 同理，读取标准输入，并恢复snapshot的命令是zfs recv。 Receiving machine: nc -l -p 9999 | zfs receive zones/med Sending machine: zfs send -v zones/med@now | nc -w 1800 192. This ensures that while sending the data, it will always remain consistent, which is crux for all things ZFS. 2 July 27, 2023 ZFS-SEND(8) NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | SIGNALS | EXAMPLES | SEE ALSO 发送和接收 ZFS 数据. 10 9999 the -w is a flag for how many seconds to wait with no data until it considers the job a failure, you can change that to fit your needs, but keeping it high is preferable on an active storage system, that might get DESCRIPTION zfs send [-DLPVbcehnpsvw] [-R [-X dataset[,dataset]]] [[-I|-i] snapshot] snapshot Creates a stream representation of the second snapshot, which is written to standard output. It supplements zfs-auto-snapshot, but runs independently. I've tried a number of different combinations such as: sudo zfs send -R storage/ph Use "mbuffer", not "ssh". complete. Is there any way to reconnect the ssh connection without brake pipe? For example, I can imagine the command chunked_send and # zfs send poolA/fsA/fsB@snap | ssh host zfs receive-d poolB/received SEE ALSO zfs-bookmark, zfs-receive, zfs-redact, zfs-snapshot FreeBSD 13. For example: Note that the first argument (snap1) is the Setting up unprivileged send/receive With the right privileges set, sending and receiving snapshots is now easy. 0400-3d | ssh -i /data/ssh/replication HOST IP ADDRESS zfs receive POOL2/BKUP@auto-20170214. At some point in time, I can see the write performance stall occasionally (virtually no read or write activity on the destination disks, mpstat reporting utilization on the same or different cores Any thoughts/tips? I haven't tried zfs send yet, but maybe that's a better option. In summary: Flash the image, change the keys, send your snapshots. 10. Oracle documentation recommends using ssh in pipe, i. Thank you for your reply but it does not appear to be correct. We run the latest stable release ZoL codebase and that has included encrypted datasets, "raw send" and resumeable transfers for a few years now. 2 July 27, 2023 ZFS-SEND(8) NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | SIGNALS | EXAMPLES | SEE ALSO Only the FreeNAS boxes and the ESXi hosts have interfaces there. On the send machine:. For example: sys1# zfs send tank/dana@snap1 | ssh sys2 zfs recv newtank/dana. If that was happen I need to re-send it first byte. [0]: zfs list -t filesystem zfs [1]: zfs list -t snapshot zfs. The zfs receive command creates a snapshot whose contents are specified in the stream that is provided on standard input. You can do it with nc (1). sending machine pool: tank sending machine dataset: music 2nd question: how do I quickly check that the zfs send/receive operation has completed without errors? Because, If I hit Ctrl+C on the receiving side (killing nc listening) I don The original title was going to be "Does anybody back up their ZFS server?" but user Eric A. I believe in backups. Everything is setup and the credentials for SSH are working. 168. 这两个功能分别通过zfs send和zfs receive命令来完成。例子，1. My intention is that the secondary host be used as a cold standby that takes over file serving when the primary is down. This works great on smaller snapshots, but once my snapshots reach 3+ GB I see it occasionally fail. The The ZFS dataset is coming from a Debian server using zfs send. Alas, even with `nice -n 20` the zfs send/receive jumps the CPU too 100% and everything else the NAS is running (notably VMs) becomes uselessly slow. The output can be used to store and/or compare the checksums and verify the full or partial integrity of datasets sent and received via zfs send | zfs recv. I would be fine doing the zfs send/recv without encryption, but I didn't see a way to do that. 3 but what I do here should have wide application, especially the errors I encounter. When ZFS performs a raw send, the IV set is transferred from the source to the destination in the send stream. When using ZFS native encryption to encrypt datasets locally, a "raw send" can be used to only send encrypted data off-site. For example: host1# zfs send tank/dana@snap1 | ssh host2 zfs recv newtank/dana. They are atomic, making it possible to take snapshots of database servers without corruption. First add an extra virtual or physical hardrive Windows VM or Windows bare metal, for I have a primary file host containing an encrypted dataset that I sync to a secondary host. 2. This allows the following unprivileged replication to succeed: senduser@sendbox:~$ zfs send pool/ds@1 | ssh recvuser@recvbox zfs receive pool/ds. I, for one, intend to use LUKS for encryption, not ZFS, so that Grub can boot the kernel from my ZFS dataset using cryptodisk. Thank you very much. @kpande is right that it's more like -D, but for encryption. Yes, but without the ability to ZFS receive, the actual benefits of replication are nearly entirely nullified - you're back to the old abominable world of "incremental backups" which must be all #要件zfs send | recvで差分転送をするには、下記のような手順を踏む必要があります。初回送信側でtempスナップショットを作成tempスナップショットを送信送信側および受信側で sudo zfs send -vR datashare@snapshot1 | ssh bor@10. 3 8000 The reason for explicitly specifying the ip address and not the host name of the receiving server is because, in addition to normal gigabit network connections via a switch, both servers also have a Try zfs send -R zfs/logs/project-1@snapshot. So if you arrange your zfs send properly (and we can help you) not only will you have encrypted backups at rsync. This is a backup script to replicate a ZFS filesystem and its children to another server via zfs snapshots and zfs send/receive over ssh. For example: host1# zfs send tank/dana@snap1 | ssh host2 zfs recv newtank/dana When sending a full stream, the destination file system must not exist. zfs send有 -n -v -P 参数时，仅仅输出统计信息，不产生数据流。 \ ssh host zfs receive poolB/received/fs@a # zfs send -i a pool/fs@b | ssh host \ zfs receive poolB/received/fs Example 13 Using the zfs receive -d Option The following command Determine where it's zfs send or zfs recv causing the performance bottleneck. zfs send POOL1/BKUP@auto-20170214. The output can be redirected to a file or to a different system (for example, using ssh(1)). net that we do not hold the keys to but further, you can do a Example 8-1 Sending Incremental ZFS Data. com sudo zfs recieve storage/photos sudo zfs send -R storage/photos@frequent_2015-02-12_18:15 | ssh send -R -i @Snap0 mypool/urza@snap1 | ssh urza@my. 15 'sudo zfs receive -F uNAS/datashare' 13:00:03 592G datashare/bob@snapshot1 13:00:04 592G datashare/bob@snapshot1 13:00:05 592G datashare/bob@snapshot1 13:00:06 592G datashare/bob@snapshot1 client_loop: send disconnect: Broken pipe bor@ubuntu:~$ zpool You can use the -s option of zfs receive which will save a resumable token on the receiving side if the transfer fails. d/ with minor differences between backup server and clients. I'm running zfs send with -Pv, so I'm getting the number of bytes transferred printed every second. Cisco C240 M5SX - 24 x 2. On FreeBSD 12 and old versions of OpenZFS, it is not possible to override the Dear ProxMox and zfs supporters, as we dont have this problem on local send / recv from one clusternode to the other but the problem is reproducible on an externally hosted ProxMox host where we pull the incremental snapshots via ssh, I already tried and ruled out the zfs pools on the receiving end by changing the usb disks, and by destroying the pools on Think of it like dd the filesystems but without the need to unmount it. It will let you read a file or a stream and make a new filesystem out of it. e. Observation on ARC usage: For small amounts of data I guess its not a big deal to try and utilise ARC - on the contrary for large datasets it probably makes no sense and will hurt/poison # zfs send poolA/fsA/fsB@snap | ssh host zfs receive-d poolB/received SEE ALSO zfs-bookmark, zfs-receive, zfs-redact, zfs-snapshot FreeBSD 13. I managed to divide by 4 the cpu usage of ssh, and remove that bottleneck during zfs send/recv. When ZFS performs a non-raw send, the data is decrypted by the source system and re-encrypted by the destination system, creating a snapshot with effectively the same data, but a different IV set. zfs send pool/data@1 | ssh user@IP zfs receive otherpool/data@1 It prompted for the password and then responded with bash: zfs: command not found I also tried it without adding data@1 to otherpool and had the same result. 0. That’s a security concern, since a compromised host can use this key to compromise the remote as well. However, you can also (with almost all versions of ZFS in recent years) set the "autoexpand" property at the zpool (so zpool set autoexpand=on <name>) and then upgrade one drive at a time in the vdev. -D, --dedup Deduplicated send is no longer supported. We then can move that single file to an offsite backup, another storage server, or whatever. redacted sends can be used to replicate the secured data without # verify zfs is installed zfs --version # verify python 3. net sha256 some/file ssh user@rsync. However, the task fails as the user on the TrueNAS box does not have permission to use the zfs command. " OK, thanks all. mbuffer, socat, spiped, ) and initiate the zfs send; from the other side pipe the data via The first snapshot the replication function attempts to synchronize is 58 GB (which is sent without compression -- I had to disable transfer compression due to the version difference between sender and receiver systems), and continuously checking "zfs list" on the receiving server I see the initial snapshot replication reach up to approximately Additional options for the zfs send command. It doesn’t avoid the whole daily download from the VPS though! ZFS couldn’t possibly know what writes would be no-ops without having the new data to checksum against Hi, unraiders! Could you share with me what is the most effective way to create ZFS snapshots and send them to HDD automatically? For example, when I create recursive snapshot for docker dataset it will have a size of just few KB, so I need to take each snapshot from each child dataset and send it. Both pools are using zfs native encryption, but the drives I’m using for the remote backup are not in a physically secure environment. I have created a non-root user on TrueNAS, given SSH access and created a dataset with zfs allow permissions for the user. I then unplugged the drive from the system, which of course made the pool unavailable. The down side with this method is that This is a backup script to replicate a ZFS filesystem and its children to another server via zfs snapshots and zfs send/receive over ssh. Borisch claims to do just that in this post. It will fairly often go 2-3 seconds without transferring a Update: Now with pre-built ZFS Raspberry Pi image! Jump to the Appendix for more information. It was developed on Solaris 10 but should run with minor modification on other platforms with ZFS support. also see: zfs list -t all zfs Yes, they can be - it's up to you and your zfs send command. Syncoid (and generally ZFS send receive) needs an SSH user on remote to replicate a ZFS dataset. The text was updated successfully, but these errors were encountered: All reactions. Ok, I let the older snapshot be deleted before finishing the transfer. sh --send destination_parent_dataset/path --rsh "ssh user@server -p22" dataset/path1--send|-s <destination_parent_dataset/path> will figure out the last common snapshot between the source and destination and will send only the newer snapshots that are not present on the destination machine. zfs send 命令创建写入标准输出的快照流表示。 缺省情况下，生成完整的流。可以将输出重定向到文件或其他系统。zfs receive 命令创建其内容在标准输入提供的流中指定的快照。 如果接收了完整的流，那么同时会创建一个新文件系统。 I'm happy to confirm that upgrading to zfsonlinux 0. xx sudo zfs recv -Fv mypool/urza. Something like: zfs send | nc dest_host 4242 on the sending side and nc -l 4242 | zfs recv on receiving. Target pulls a backup from the source: root@target:~# ssh source zfs send sourcepool/dataset | zfs receive targetpool/dataset. Using SSH, it would look like: zfs send -v -c -e tank/dataset-name@snap1 | ssh hostB zfs recv -s -v. Sadly I’ve seen that this isn’t possible via the ZFS can be compiled to as userspace library which in theory could be used to implement the ZFS send/receive part of a full featured ZFS backup service without exposing the receiving kernel to untrusted replication streams, but I'm not aware of any backup service implemented that way. @gmelikov No, this is about sending an unencrypted data set, but having the produced stream resemble an encrypted dataset sent with zfs send -w. I have created a non-root user on TrueNAS, given SSH access and created a dataset with zfs allow If you’re getting rollback errors, you may be using an elderly version of syncoid. SSH, you can use both zfs send and zfs receive together to copy filesystem over SSH to another system and because SSH is all encrypted I have a backup script that does incremental zfs sends over ssh to a remote host. zfs send -i tank/pool@oldsnap tank/pool@newsnap | ssh -c arcfour remotehostip "mbuffer -s 128k -m 1G | zfs receive -F tank/pool" this runs mbuffer on the remote host as a receive buffer so the sending runs as fast as possible. Not just rsync, but multiple copies and in multiple places. 1. I originally wrote it to forcibly roll back the target to the most recent common snapshot, but around the same time I wrote that delegated replication guide you’re working from at Klara, I changed the behavior to use zfs receive -F without the explicit rollback, since that way I wouldn’t need to SSH user for syncoid without login or shell . remote. zfs send -v snapshot | nc <host> <port> I would like to send a zfs replication task to my TrueNAS box. You can send incremental data by using the zfs send-i option. This is also sufficient to allow a syncoid command to work properly: If I direct the zfs send stream from the sending system to /dev/null, the transfer speed is basically the same, so I think the bottleneck is on the source array, not the destination. nc -l <port> | zfs receive -s -v tank/dataset. Any suggestions for optimal speed for zfs send/recv over SSH with as little CPU/encryption impact as possible? Show : Primary TrueNAS-13. ECC Memory Note: The requirement for ECC memory with ZFS is a little contentious, it's not needed for this use but see the second Appendix To decrease the toll imposed by ssh on your cpu, you can use a much more efficient cipher like arcfour. Generate a stream package that sends all intermediary snapshots from the first snapshot to the second snapshot. nop-write saves me from replicating the unchanged overwritten file, by preventing the writes from actually hitting the disk. Also 受け側のmbuffer, zfs recvは送り側からのsshによるリモート実行。 ssh リモートサーバ コマンド ってやるやつな。 定期的に実行するか# また別の観点で言えば、zfs send, recvを定期的に実行するかどうかである。 I have an encrypted dataset that I would like to backup to an offsite pool. You can do this by just moving a bunch of data across the wire, eg using a zfs send: root@box1:~# zfs send pool/dataset@snapshot | pv | ssh box2 "cat > /dev/null" Let that go for about ten seconds, then ctrl-C it—and up arrow and do the exact same command again. I can also confirm ssh zfs-send — generate backup stream of ZFS dataset , using ssh(1)). because you cannot recursively send a "filesystem"[0], you must send an object that supports the feature you want, like a snapshot[1]. ssh/id_rsa_simplesnap activehost say yes when asked if you want to add the key to the known_hosts file. I don’t sudo zfs create tank/data zfs list #enable SSH key login to ZFS server you want to send snapshot to, with no password #test ssh to server that it works with no password sudo zfs snapshot tank/data@v0 zfs list -t snapshot sudo zfs send tank/data@v0 | ssh root@192. It needs over 24 hours, and sometime it lost the connection. Specs: main server: Epyc 7F52, 256gb of ecc 2133mhz ram, SM H12SSL-I motherboard, 8x10TB drives in a raidz2 zpool For rsync i would recommend running without delta transfer algorithm (by running it with '--whole-file' option) Try to send with compression sudo zfs send -I storage/home@2016-06-01_monthly storage/home@2016-09-01_monthly | \ mbuffer -q -s 128k -m 1G | \ pv -b | \ nc 192. This is part of a simple script to produce and cycle incrementals. To allow for unattended syncing, I previously set up a To backup an entire zpool, the option -R is interesting, as it instructs zfs to send a replication stream that also includes descending filesystems, snapshots, and properties. RAID is not a backup. The SSH keys should be passwordless for automatic backups. (zfs send -w equals --sendoptions="w")--sshport: Allow sync to/from boxes running SSH on non-standard ports--sshcipher: Instruct ssh to use a particular cipher set--sshoption: Passes option to ssh. The failure is always the same: Just one thing is on my mind, would it be possible implement replication with the choice to replicate not through ssh but using netcat or mbuffer? Would speed up things a lot. 1 install, I see stalls when receiving a zfs incremental stream. And definitely one way to do it. This argument can be specified multiple times--sshkey: Use specified identity file as per ssh -i--quiet I am learning how to replicate my data across the network using zfs-send and zfs-receive via SSH but keep getting the following error: ssh: connect to host ip. . ZFS snapshots are a great way of making backups. If we send the data directly to this tcp post without the compression and encryption of ssh it is much more faster than then troth ssh. nz "zfs receive -F data/Back-ups" which initialises with out the need for a password but same result as previously. 71 zfs recv -vusF pool0/dataset It was created and encrypted without issue. 0 install, are created using zfs send -i and piped through mbuffer. 11. This will destroy destination snapshots that have been created between For instance: zfs set org. The ZFS dataset is coming from a Debian server using zfs send. So I want to append a prescript to start the server via ipmi, in case it is offline. In this case, the pool/hsolo file system must already In this post, I am using FreeBSD 9. simplesnap:exclude=on tank/junkdata Now, back on the backuphost, you should be able to run: ssh-i ~/. , # zfs send tank/dana@snap1 | ssh sys2 zfs recv newtank/dana However, attempting this procedure with a test data-set I've created, containing a single 10M file, I run into the problem I did "zfs allow mike mount,create,receive data" on the receiving computer and "zfs allow mike send storage" on the sending computer. net The following seems to be working for me. Sending a ZFS filesystem means taking a snapshot of a dataset, and sending the snapshot. You can redirect the output to a file or to a different system. Find and fix vulnerabilities We transitioned our platform from UFS2 to ZFS in 2012 and now we've done the necessary behind-the-scenes work to make ZFS send/recv work over SSH. Assuming zfs send is the limitation watch the output of iostat -mx to determine if the system is IO bound and top or perf top if the system Currently a dataset can be send troth ssh wit mbuffer but mbuffer can listen on a tcp port for data stream. They are also fast and storage-efficient. I don't know why sending deduplicated stream was deprecated. Regarding lack of the zfs command, try running your ssh command without the The most common use of the zfs send command is to save a copy of a snapshot and receive the snapshot on another system that is used to store backup data. I strongly advocate for pull backups, not push, in nearly every conceivable circumstance. I have a main z2 pool on a server and a smaller non failsafe pool on my desktop. 5 zfs recv zones / UUID. Btw, 'raw send' is reserved for sending encrypted zfs stream without decryption. But I’ve hit one road block. 3. We have two 10 GBit Links (dedicaded to replication) between our two storages and our tests with manually doing a zfs send/receive through mbuffer is a lot faster then So i was planning on not enabling SSH on my new server, but I may have run into a snag. Start the receive side first since it will sit and block and wait for a connection. When I am setting up the Disaster recovery plan for the MS SQL Databases in ZFS Volume, I faced permission issue while running ZFS send/receive command from a non-root account Scenario: I have a script that is used with zfs send/recv and to get the best performance in local networks, I want the script to connect to the receiving machine, spawn a netcat listener piping into zfs recv which I will then send to from the source script. # zfs send poolA/fsA/fsB@snap | ssh host zfs receive-d poolB/received SEE ALSO zfs-bookmark, zfs-receive, zfs-redact, zfs-snapshot FreeBSD 13. On this same page, it is stated that Write better code with AI Security. 7. 20. Is there any way to run zfs send/receive at rock-bottom priority? What does this do ?-R will send the pool recursively, copying all properties-F will allow destroy operations on the target pool-v to see progress-s save a resumable token-u don’t mount the filesystems that are sent-o mountpoint=none prevent mountpoint property to be sent; Note: I’m not sure what can pre-exist on the target pool without interfering. SSH is encrypting the data before sending, and Sending a ZFS filesystem means taking a snapshot of a dataset, and sending the snapshot. zfs receive as you can guess is the counterpart to send. On a Solaris 11. For example, -I @a fs@d is similar to -i @a fs@b; -i @b fs@c; -i @c fs@d. Even with ssh you can for example reverse - instead of pushing the backend you can pull them from the backup server. 7 or higher is installed python3 --version # verify sudo is working sudo ls # set this for unit tests if sshd is on a non-standard port (default is 22) # export bzfs_test_ssh_port=12345 # export bzfs_test_ssh_port=22 # verify user can ssh in passwordless via loopback interface and The zfs send command creates a stream representation of a snapshot that is written to standard output. You can send incremental data by using the zfs send -i option. When you send a full stream, the destination file system must not exist. root@source:~# zfs send sourcepool/dataset | ssh target zfs receive targetpool/dataset. He intentado una serie de combinaciones diferentes, tales como: sudo zfs send -R storage/photos@frequent_2015-02-12_18:15 | ssh example. I added a backup user on both my backup server (which automatically boots on a schedule via bios, then takes backups, then shuts down again) and the hosts being backed up, then added sudoers files in /etc/sudoers. I see this in such way - general bash script that I will be used by few parent zfsbud. Though Ubuntu documentation of zfs only discusses send-receive via file, that approach is unfeasible with large data-sets. The second clue is that it appears an existing, already-running zfs send / zfs receive operation (also over ssh, on an unrelated set of drives) has hung the moment I tried this little experiment. If you are using a bash (1) shell for your scripting, you can I wish to replicate the file system storage/photos from source to destination without enabling ssh login as root. For example: There's a nightly cron job that SSH's from my home to the server, sends it data, and runs a script that invokes a suitable zfs send for returning data back. Is it possible to backup my data using zfs send/recv (over ssh) without having to decrypt the target pool? If you are sending the snapshot stream to a different system, pipe the zfs send output through the ssh command. You can go about this by sending the stream to /dev/null either on the local host or on the remote side of the network socket. Deseo replicar el sistema de archivos storage/photos de source a destination sin habilitar el inicio de sesión ssh como root. ZFS Send. For example: host1# zfs send tank/dana@snap1 | ssh host2 zfs recv newtank/dana When you send a full stream, the destination file system must not exist. Everything works, but I observed that the amount of data transferred over LAN is huge. Start with the usually send:. tmux allows the zfs send to not die when the ssh connection dies, and the resume token also works. Also, a zfs snapshot is a complete filesystem and not just the incremental The general way to send ZFS data sets to remote nodes is normally achieved by sending the ZFS stream through ssh. The streams are originating from a Solaris 11. I should still be able to send manually without using the resume token, but: zfs send -R -v \ pool0/dataset@snap-2019-01-04-23-59 \ | ssh -i rescue_sshkey 10. 5" SAS/SATA I'm trying to manually zfs send/receive using nc instead of SSH (both servers are on a trusted network). At this point, you should see output containing: "simplesnapwrap: This program is to be run from ssh. 12 solved the problem! After upgrading the receiving system to Debian 10 and installing the zfs-dkms and zfsutils-linux packages from Debian's contrib repository, as described on this zfsonlinux page, the zfs send | zfs receive stream transfer over ssh showed no more problem. For example: sys1$ zfs send -i pool/diant@snap1 system1/diant@snap2 | ssh system2 zfs recv \ pool/hsolo The first argument (snap1) is the earlier snapshot and the second argument (snap2) is the later snapshot. The issue is that a full send/receive using the zfs send -R with the -R option causes the mountpoints of the source pool to be included in the datastream. If you're sending a large dataset across your local network, using "ssh" may be costing you quite a bit of performance. X. Can I make user urza on receiving machine able to run zfs command without sudo? I dont want to enable root over ssh. If a full stream is received, a new file system is created as well. By default, we send the data to a file. Y zfs receive proxmoxpool/sonoma sudo zfs snapshot tank/data@v1 If you want to chase the SSH bottleneck, first is confirm it's there. On the recv machine (netcat only):. ssh user@rsync. 2 July 27, 2023 ZFS-SEND(8) NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | SIGNALS | EXAMPLES | SEE ALSO I am now questioning why I didn’t use rsync in the first place, however. Simplifying here without all the exact options: zfs send tank@snapshot | lz4 | openssl enc | par2 > file OpenSSL of course using AES-256 and a key, and par2 adjustable based on characteristics of the target storage. Example: zfs send zones / UUID@snapshot | ssh root@10. By default, a full stream is generated. The last thing I tried was a different certificate but while I can connect through ssh to the remote system without being prompted for a password I am still unable to replicate to the remote system. It depends if you are using netcat (nc) or SSH. By default, a full stream is generated. Another option, restrict ssh target to limit what can be executed there, say change shell in /etc/passwd to be 'sudo zfs recv backup/host-foo' or a script which rate-limits recv requests with alerting and does the bookkeeping. 'send' without -R does not send the decedent filesystems. yclhxfd jskis sciqpm lfxv pcskq fwobycq yqhnzp vris xaxqvwr okes uexkln brd xznpcyc ifvjy idxkif